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The United Nations Secretary-General, António Guterres, warned in 2022 that government action on the climate emergency is inadequate and called for "a grassroots movement that cannot be ignored" (see document 136):

• "Some government and business leaders are saying one thing - but doing another. Simply put, they are lying"

• "We owe a debt to young people, civil society and indigenous communities for sounding the alarm and holding leaders accountable. We need to build on their work to create a grassroots movement that cannot be ignored."

This document sets out a ten-point plan that such a grassroots movement should take up.

It is based on

• the scientific consensus - see document 51 and document 52

• international commitments - see document 113
• advice on policy making.

1. Decide on the overall aim:  Limit global warming to 1.5°C

The reasons why determined efforts are being made to limit global warming to 1.5°C

• It is what was promised to young people and vulnerable communities around the world in the Paris Agreement - this specifies "well below 2°C" and pursuing "efforts to limit the temperature increase to 1.5°C".
• It is a question of justice vesus injustice.
• Outcomes steadily worsen as tempertures rise.
• As temperatures rise, there is an increasing risk of tipping points.

Read more in document 152.

It is understandable that young people want a safe climate that is similar to what adults have enjoyed (see document 61), not a world ravaged by droughts, storms, floods and rising sea levels, with more and more people forced to leave their homes and become climate refugees. The case for limiting global warming to less than 1.5°C is overwhelming. Global warming has already reached 1.1°C, so the situation has become an emergency.

2. Decide on the global strategy:  Limit further CO2 emissions to 400 billion tonnes

• Stop focussing on net zero dates
• Instead, the world must plan to live within the calculated limit on future emissions (the CO2 or carbon budget)

Net zero dates do not matter; what matters is the total cumulative emissions by the net zero date. Further global emissions of CO2 need to be limited to a total 400 billion tonnes CO2 from Jan 2020, as explained in the 2021 IPCC AR6 report (see document 54). (The production in 2018 was 34 billion tonnes CO2.)

3. Decide how to allocate the residual CO2 budget between nations:  On the basis of equity

The only justifiable way is on the basis of equity. This is specified in the Paris Agreement, which also specifies that developed countries will cut emissions faster than developing countries - see document 122. The global total of 400 billion tonnes works out at 50 tonnes CO2 per person on the planet - see document 54.

4. Assess progress so far:  Minimal

It has been known for decades that burning fossil fuels is dangerous for the climate and needs to cease. But:

• the global total use of fossil fuels has increased - see document 67
• declines in high-polluting countries have been inadequate, e.g. just 11% in the UK since 1990 - although the UK Government claims that it is more (see document 111).

5. Identify the reasons for lack of progress:  Poor decision making throughout society

• Decision making has been systematically poor
• All sections of society are failing - see document 37
• It is a system failure in decision making rather than a failure of individuals
• Decision making is fragmented, with numerous groups not talking to each other, and each thinking that they know best
• Lack of knowledge, overconfidence, herd mentality (groupthink), other cognitive biases, flawed reasoning, denial, adversarial discussion and malpractice dominate opinions and decision making - leading to numerous interlinked fallacies being widely believed
• Scientists and NGOs have been self-censoring about the severity and urgency of the climate emergency [1], which is delaying the necessary actions.

See document 34

6. Improve decision making

The process of decision making must be improved. Some essential components are

• complete honesty
• transparency
• collaborative working
• take steps to avoid overconfidence, groupthink and denial
• being open to challenge

See document 40

7. Plan the necessary actions:  Radical cuts in emissions in rich countries

Annual cuts in emissions of over 10% in high-polluting countries are needed to meet their commitments in the Paris Agreement. This inevitably means major changes in lifestyles for many, especially the rich, e.g. flying is not affordable within a lifetime carbon budget of 50 tonnes per person, and the nature of international travel will have to change until sustainable solutions are developed.

The IPCC said in 2018 that "rapid and far-reaching transitions" were needed in all parts of society. There has been dither and delay by governments since then, and so the situation has become even more urgent.

Ensure the poorest are protected. The poorest countries need help with their development and adaptation to climate change. Within each country, the poorest individuals must be protected e.g. carbon tax income is used to improve public transport, and to give targetted help with home insulation.

8. Take personal action:  Radical cuts in emissions if personally high-polluting

Individuals should

• aim to reduce their own carbon footprints by at least 10% per year - see document 24
• avoid denial and inadvertent repeatition of fallacies
• consider signing the "Science Oath for the Climate" [2], or making a similar commitment.

9. Ensure good decision making:  Challenge fallacies, denial, incompetence and misconduct

Decision making needs to be scrutinised and supervised so that competent plans are drawn up and implemented on schedule.

• Decision making must be transparent
• Statutory scrutiny processes must function properly
• There must be zero tolerance for dishonesty.
• Citizens must insist that politicians and officials make good decisions, using engagement, publicity, legal cases, protest and civil disobedience as appropriate.

See document 132.

10. Answer genuine objections

• Explanations need to be given about how all the alternatives to radical action are worse
• Ignore climate change, or choose a different limit e.g. 2°C? This is too dangerous and too expensive
• Try to take more than a fair share of the residual CO2 budget? It will be noticed and copied
• Turn a blind eye to politicians' incompetence and malpractice? People knowingly allowing it to happen and continue are complicit in the harm done.
• Genuine objections need to be answered
• The website https://skepticalscience.com aims to explain climate change science and rebut global warming misinformation.

References

[1]	Turning delusion into climate action - Prof Kevin Anderson, an interview (2020) Scientists for Global Responsibility https://www.sgr.org.uk/resources/turning-delusion-climate-action-prof-kevin-anderson-interview

[2]	https://www.sgr.org.uk/projects/science-oath-climate-text-and-signing

First published: Mar 2019
Last updated: 21 Sep 2023